Motion

1. Introduction to Motion

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  Definition of motion

  
  


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  Examples of motion in daily life

  
  

2. Types of Motion

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  Rectilinear motion (straight line)

  
  


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  Circular motion

  
  


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  Periodic motion

  
  

3. Distance and Displacement

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  Distance: total path covered

  
  


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  Displacement: shortest path between initial and final position

  
  


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  Difference between distance and displacement

  
  

4. Speed and Velocity

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  Speed: distance/time

  
  


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  Uniform speed and non-uniform speed

  
  


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  Velocity: displacement/time

  
  


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  Difference between speed and velocity

  
  

5. Acceleration

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  Definition (rate of change of velocity)

  
  


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  Positive acceleration and negative acceleration (retardation/deceleration)

  
  


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  Formula: $a = \frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$

  
  

6. Graphical Representation of Motion

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  Distance-time graph

  
  


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  Velocity-time graph

  
  


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  Slope of graph and its meaning

  
  

7. Equations of Motion

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  First equation: $v = u + at$

  
  


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  Second equation: $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$

  
  


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  Third equation: $v^2 - u^2 = 2as$
  
  (where $u$=initial velocity, $v$=final velocity, $a$=acceleration, $t$=time, $s$=displacement)

  
  

8. Uniform Circular Motion

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  Motion in a circle at constant speed

  
  


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  Relation with velocity and acceleration (direction keeps changing)

  
  


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  Example: motion of planets, car on a circular track